Biology · B Form and function. The idea in plain words, the rules to remember, the mistake to avoid and a worked example, written and checked by Mega Lecture.
Carbon atoms form four covalent bonds, so they can build chains, branches and rings. This is why living things contain so many different compounds.
Large molecules are made by condensation: two molecules join and one water molecule is released. They are broken by hydrolysis, which uses one water molecule for each bond broken. Glucose monomers join to form the polysaccharides starch, glycogen and cellulose.
Lipids are non-polar, so they are hydrophobic and do not dissolve in water. Triglycerides store energy. Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails, so in water they form bilayers.
Writing that hydrolysis releases water. Condensation releases water and builds; hydrolysis uses water and breaks down.
Answer: 15 water molecules.
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