Biology · Movement into and out of cells. The idea in plain words, the rules to remember, the mistake to avoid and a worked example, written and checked by Mega Lecture.
Molecules and ions are always moving at random because they have kinetic energy. This movement spreads them out. Diffusion is the overall (net) movement from where there are many of them to where there are few. The cell does not have to supply any energy.
Osmosis is a special case for water. Water moves through a partially permeable membrane from the side with higher water potential (more dilute solution) to the side with lower water potential (more concentrated solution).
A plant cell that gains water swells and presses on its cell wall, which gives support. An animal cell has no wall, so it can burst.
Writing that water moves from a high concentration to a low concentration without saying of what. Water moves from the dilute solution to the concentrated solution. Use water potential (high to low) to stay safe.
Answer: +12.5%; water entered the cells by osmosis because the solution had the higher water potential.
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