Structure and organisation

English Language · Writing: directed writing. The idea in plain words, the rules to remember, the mistake to avoid and a worked example, written and checked by Mega Lecture.

Test this topic freeAll English Language topics

The idea

Good directed writing leads the reader from point to point in an order that makes sense. A common order is: say why you are writing, explain the situation or problem, give your ideas or solution, then end with what you want to happen.

Each paragraph deals with one main idea. The topic sentence, usually the first, tells the reader what the paragraph is about. Every other sentence in the paragraph must support it.

Linking words (discourse markers) show how an idea is connected to the one before. First decide the connection: adding, contrast, result or example. Then choose the word that shows it.

Rules to remember

Common mistake

Students pick a linking word because it sounds formal. Use ‘however’ only when the second idea goes against the first; if it follows from the first, use ‘therefore’ or ‘as a result’.

Worked example

Choose the link: ‘The library now stays open until six o'clock. ______, very few students use it after four.’ (Therefore / Furthermore / However / For example)

  1. The first sentence says more time is available; the second says students do not use it.
  2. The second idea is unexpected, so the connection is contrast.
  3. ‘Therefore’ shows a result, ‘Furthermore’ adds a point and ‘For example’ gives an example, so none of them fits.

Answer: However

Ask about this

Type what you are stuck on. The helper finds the explanation, worked examples and the notes to read, free and instant.

Read the full notes

Keep going

← Forms and conventionsDescriptive writing →Take a English Language test