The nature of marketing

Business AS · Marketing. The idea in plain words, the rules to remember, the mistake to avoid and a worked example, written and checked by Mega Lecture.

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The idea

Marketing means finding out what customers want and supplying it at a profit. Marketing objectives, such as raising market share, must support the corporate objectives of the whole business.

Price is set by demand and supply. A change in the product's own price causes a movement along the curve. A change in anything else, such as income, tastes or costs, shifts the whole curve.

A customer-orientated firm starts with market research; a product-orientated firm starts with the product. Firms choose between a mass market and a niche market, and use segmentation to divide customers into groups with similar needs. Customer relationship marketing aims to keep existing customers loyal.

Rules to remember

Common mistake

A firm's sales can rise while its market share falls. This happens when the whole market grows faster than the firm, so always compare the firm's growth with the market's growth.

Worked example

A market grows from $400m to $440m. A firm's sales in this market rise from $60m to $70.4m. Find the market growth and the change in the firm's market share.

  1. Market growth = ($440m − $400m) ÷ $400m × 100 = 10%.
  2. Old market share = $60m ÷ $400m × 100 = 15%.
  3. New market share = $70.4m ÷ $440m × 100 = 16%.

Answer: The market grew by 10% and the firm's share rose from 15% to 16%.

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