Psychology AS · Research methodology. The idea in plain words, the rules to remember, the mistake to avoid and a worked example, written and checked by Mega Lecture.
Ethical guidelines protect the people and animals used in research. For humans, researchers should minimise harm and maximise benefit, gain valid consent (including informed consent), give the right to withdraw, avoid deception, keep data confidential, respect privacy and give a debriefing at the end.
For animals, researchers should also minimise harm and maximise benefit. They should think about replacement (using alternatives such as videos or computer simulations), choose a suitable species and use the smallest number of animals that will give valid results.
Animal procedures must limit pain, suffering and distress, provide suitable housing, and use reward, deprivation and aversive stimuli only at levels suited to the species.
Students confuse confidentiality with privacy. Confidentiality is about keeping collected data and identities safe; privacy is about not intruding into a person's private space or life in the first place.
Answer: Confidentiality.
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