Geography of Pakistan · Agricultural development. The idea in plain words, the rules to remember, the mistake to avoid and a worked example, written and checked by Mega Lecture.
A farm can be studied as a system with three parts. Inputs are what goes into the farm. Processes are the jobs done on the farm. Outputs are what comes out of it.
Inputs are natural (physical), such as rain, temperature, soil and land, or human, such as labour, seed, fertiliser, machines and capital. Some outputs return as inputs: dung goes back on the fields, and profit buys better seed. This is called feedback.
In subsistence farming the family eats most of what it grows, on a small plot with few bought inputs. In cash crop farming the crop is grown for sale, with more capital and higher yields. Livestock farming rears animals for milk, meat, wool and hides.
Fertiliser is an input, but applying fertiliser is a process. Ask: is this a thing put in, an action, or a product?
Answer: Fodder = input, milking = process, milk = output, dung = output fed back as an input.
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