Psychology AS · Research methodology. The idea in plain words, the rules to remember, the mistake to avoid and a worked example, written and checked by Mega Lecture.
Reliability means consistency. A reliable measure gives the same result each time it is used in the same conditions, and a reliable procedure is carried out in the same way for every participant.
Two types are tested most often. Inter-rater (or inter-observer) reliability is how closely two or more researchers agree when they score or observe the same behaviour on their own. Test-retest reliability is checked by giving the same test to the same people on two occasions and comparing the two sets of scores.
Replicability means a study can be repeated in exactly the same way by another researcher. This needs a standardised procedure, operational definitions and a full description of the method.
Students think a reliable test must also be valid. A test can give the same result every time and still measure the wrong thing.
Answer: 85% agreement, which shows high inter-observer reliability.
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